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Who owns that damage, and how is it generated. For instance if the damage kills a henchman, will the balance fall on other henchmen or the MM? Do the henchmen receive the damage from an entity owned by the MM, so that when the MM is confused it might not work?
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It seems to me that bodyguard is taken into account when damage is calculated. Asking if the other henchman/the mastermind "take up the slack" when a henchie dies is like asking where the extra damage goes when you get killed by an attack that does more damage than you have hit points.
Now with numbers! For easy numbers, we'll say there are 2 pets within range (50%/25%/25%). The mastermind gets targeted with an attack that does 400 damage.
Because of bodyguard, this is equivalent to a funkey AoE that hits the mastermind for 200 damage, and each pet with 100 damage each.
Even if one of the pets only has 2 hit points left, he is still allocated 100 damage. That 100 damage doesn't (or shouldn't) jump ship and hit someone else instead.
The real question will be whether the damage vector remains the same (i.e. if you get tagged with smashing damage, is the bodyguard damage smashing or untyped?)
What would be even nicer is if the the to hit formulas were also used to see if the pet took damage in the first place. This would address the /Forcefield and the Ninja/ issue, since the pet could have a higher defense than the mastermind, so an attack that hit the mastermind might not hit the pet. This would mean that the delivery and damage vectors would need to be carried over. For fairness sake, I would say the "attack roll" value would be the same for the initial hit on the mastermind as the one on the pets. That way, unless there was some +Def going on, the pets would be hit by the attack that hit the mastermind everytime, since the pet's level is always at most the masterminds level.
Considering I can get my pets at around +45% defense, but I can only get me to around +15% defense, I could see alot of attacks that would have hit me miss my pets.